One of the most beautiful churches I have seen in person is the Manila Cathedral inside the walled city of Intramuros in Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. It's official name is the Minor Basilica and Metropolitan Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception. The basilica is dedicated to the principal patroness of the Philippines, the Our Lady of Immaculate Conception. The secondary patronesses are Santa Rosa de Lima and Santa Potenciana to which the church was originally dedicated to by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi. It is the official church of the Archdiocese of Manila.
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Manila Cathedral in Manila, Philippines |
Chronological History
1566 Secular priest Juan de Vivero arrived in Manila Bay
1571 Church of Manila established under the Archdiocese of Mexico
6 February 1579 Became an independent diocese by Pope Gregory XIII
1579 Raised to a cathedral
1581 New structure of nipa, wood, and bamboo was constructed
21 December 1581 New structure was consecrated
1583 Structure destroyed by fire
1591 Second cathedral made of stone was built
1600 Structure destroyed by earthquake
1614 Construction for the third cathedral was started
1645 Structure again destroyed by earthquake
1654 - 1671 Fourth cathedral was built
1750 Dome was added to the structure
1751 Cathedral was demolished
1760 Fifth cathedral was inaugurated
1850 Cathedral was renovated
1852 Destroyed by earthquake
1854-1858 Sixth cathedral was constructed
1751 Cathedral was demolished
1760 Fifth cathedral was inaugurated
1850 Cathedral was renovated
1852 Destroyed by earthquake
1854-1858 Sixth cathedral was constructed
3 June 1863 Severely damaged by a very strong earthquake
1870-1879 Seventh cathedral was constructed
1880 Earthquake destroyed the bell tower
1937 Was an integral part of the International Eucharistic Congress
1945 Reduced to rubble by World War II Allied bombings in 1945
1953-1958 Eighth cathedral was constructed
1971 Pope Paul VI celebrated mass at the cathedral
27 April 1981 Elevated by Pope John Paul II into a minor basilica
February 2011 Church bells relocated to ground level
2012-2014 Renovations and earthquake retrofitting done
9 April 2014 Cathedral was reopened
16 January 2015 Pope Francis celebrated mass at the cathedral
Interesting Facts
- The Manila Cathedral is located within Plaza de Roma, the center of Intramuros
- The Manila Cathedral is the see of the Archbishop of Manila
- The Manila Cathedral has been built, destroyed, and rebuilt eight (8) times
- The cross on top of the central dome of the Manila Cathedral is used as a reference point for astronomical longitudes of the Philippine archipelago.
- The Manila Cathedral has been visited by three (3) popes from 1971 to 2015.
- The bells installed in 2012 are currently the largest bells in active use in the Philippines. The seven (7) bells weigh 17 metric tons.
- The biggest pipe organ in Southeast Asia can be found in the Manila Cathedral.
References
- Wikipedia. Accessed 19 March 2016.
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